Long-Acting Injectable HIV Therapy Noninferior for Adherence Challenges

A phase 3b randomized trial in Kenya, South Africa, and Uganda compared long-acting injectable cabotegravir plus rilpivirine with oral dolutegravir-based therapy in virally suppressed adults with HIV who had suboptimal adherence or care engagement. At 48 weeks, the trial reported 91.0% of the long-acting-therapy group versus 89.2% of the oral-therapy group had a viral load below 50 copies per milliliter, meeting the prespecified noninferiority criterion, though confirmed virologic failure occurred in 5 participants on long-acting therapy versus none on oral therapy.

Most relevant for: Adults with HIV on oral antiretroviral therapy who have adherence or care engagement challenges, particularly in eastern and southern African settings.

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